From Scandinavia to the Nethers Part II: Møn to Middelfart

Day 3… Continued

After the lag to procure another rental car, we were all off to the island of Møn. Møn is about an hour and 45 minutes from Copenhagen. It is supposedly a popular tourist destination, but it didn’t feel like it. The island is known for its white cliffs, colorful church frescos, and Stone and Bronze Age burial chambers. We thought we’d sample a bit of all of these starting with Fanefjord Church.

On the edge of Møn, atop a lonely knoll overlooking the Baltic Sea, the island of Falster, and grazing cattle sits a petite whitewashed structure, Fanefjord Kirke. While the charming surroundings of this edifice may attract some visitors, the main pull is the bright and eccentric works of art inside the building.

tales of the Elmelunde Master
Evil doers are identifiable in the Fanefjord frescoes by their short statures, open mouths, crooked noses, red hair, or faces shown in profile.

Fanefjord was built in 1250. It contains a handful of frescoes dating back to around 1350. However, its most famous ones were created by the Elmelunde Master about 1500. The identity of the mysterious Elmelunde Master has been lost to history, but it likely was more than one person.

Fanefjord Kirk
The Fanefjord Kirke isn’t located at the center of a town, like most churches, but on a solitary hill leading to legends of trolls moving the church every night during its construction.

Fanefjord’s Medieval frescoes are bizarre by modern standards. Some panels highlight important points in Jesus’ life, his circumcision for example. Others portray big no-nos sure to merit hellfire and damnation like Careless Words During Service, which depicts the devil Tutivilius recording the names of women not paying attention during church. Much of the art was meant to provide a pictorial sermon for an audience that may have been largely illiterate. Other imagery was designed to imbue magical properties to keep evil from entering the church through the apertures in the vaults.

Intriguingly, the church’s frescoes were painted over during the Reformation in the 1500s and not rediscovered until 1929 when water damage at one end of the building hinted to a colorful layer under the whitewash.

Klekkendehøj
Klekkendehøj is a twin-passage tomb with two long connected stone entrances. The terrace around the mound served an unknown purpose.

After appreciating and wondering at ceilings, we went underground to Denmark’s oldest man-made stone structures. Møn was a happening place in the Stone Age. Starting around 6,000 years ago, the island was intensely farmed. Evidence for this comes from its 120 mound, passageway, and barrow burial grounds, which represent a cult of ancestry. These tombs were constructed at a rate of one per year but were made so well that little work was needed to restore most of them even after thousands of years.

Sprove Dolmen
Sprove Dolmen sits just 500 feet from King Asgers Høj.

We crawled inside Klekkendehøj, which dates to the Neolithic period about 4,500 years ago. Inching along its twin passageways wasn’t comfortable but curiosity won, as it usually does. King Asgers Høj, the largest gallery grave in Denmark with a passageway 32 feet long, was our next stop. This 4,000-year-old mound is located close to Sprovedyssen (Sprove Dolmen), a barrow tomb with a Stonehenge feel. These Stone Age spectacles rise randomly out of fields, surroundings probably not too unlike when they were assembled.

Møns Klint
Møn was designated a biosphere reserve in 2017 by UNESCO.

Stepping further back in time, we took the Graaryg Fald Trail to Møns Klint (cliff). Møn’s cliffs are the tallest in Denmark at 420 feet. Their bleached appearance comes from their high chalk content, the leavings of the prolific marine life in a shallow sea 70 million years ago. These marine deposits were crushed and folded by the glaciers of the last ice age. Eventually, when those glaciers receded, the cliffs of Møn were revealed.

We hiked about three miles through a beech forest filled with trees more than 400 years old down to the beach at the base of the cliffs. When 500 stairsteps are required each way to reach a beach, it better be glorious, right? Don’t worry, it was. The shore was pebbled with dark flint that contrasted with the lofty ashen walls. We didn’t make it too far along the coastline as it was getting dark, and the remnants of landslides made some areas more difficult to pass with the current higher tide. Instead, we returned via the same half a thousand steps we had descended. Incidentally, signs indicated landslides are a common phenomenon along these cliffs due to heavy rain and frost erosion.

Day 4

Although there was much more to see in Møn, a picturesque castle awaited us, so the next morning we didn’t linger. Our destination was Hindsgavl Slot in Middelfart, which is on the far side of the island of Funen. Our route passed through Odense, where Hans Christian Andersen was born and spent his youth. We paid homage to this imaginative and prolific writer by visiting his childhood home (HC Andersens Barndomshjem) and birthplace (HC Andersens Hus). Odense and Hans Christian Andersen carry special meaning for my family since we are direct descendants of ancestors who lived around the corner from Hans while he resided in Odense.

Han’s childhood home
Hans Christian Andersen spent his childhood years in this home down the street from some of my ancestors.

Hindsgavl Castle, which we reached late that afternoon, was a favorite of our entire trip. Hindsgavl stands on a peninsula of the same name. It is separated from Jutland, the peninsula that connects Denmark to the rest of Europe, by the Little Belt, a twisting straight of extraordinary beauty and concentrated mist. The current castle was built in 1784 to replace another palace, which had stood since the 1200s and was the site of a peace accord between a Norwegian and a Danish monarch before it was destroyed during the Swedish War in the 1600s.

a novel estate
Since it was built in 1784, Hindsgavl’s neoclassical design could be mistaken for Pemberley or Mansfield Park.
palace adaptations
Hindsgavl Castle was revitalized in 2003.

Hindsgavl would fit perfectly in a Jane Austen novel with magnificent libraries and imposing entrance halls. As if the enchanting buildings and vast grounds weren’t enough to inspire dreams of Mr. Darcy, our dinner that night was right on brand. With berries and apples from the castle’s garden and local smoked cheese, chicken, and cured ham, our meal was as elegant as the surroundings. And yes, the boiled potatoes were excellent.

Day 5

The castle’s extensive estate features a deer park, vegetable garden, and many trails that finger out in all directions and crisscross frequently. Jason and I wanted to experience some of these, so we woke up at 6:30 to go on a walk before breakfast and our checkout. It was magical. We started on a randomly selected trail and at each intersection we took the route that seemed most likely to lead to the Little Belt. Through this method, we ended up walking along the coast as walls of fog climbed up the land like vaporous fingers intent on squeezing the tree branches. We came to a hill that looked unnaturally constructed yet seemed too large to be a burial mound. At the top we found a sign and discovered it was the remains of the medieval Hindsgavl Castle. Its once moat had narrowed to more of a ditch after almost four centuries.

mist of the belt
Morning mist both obscured and revealed the landscape along the Little Belt.
Hindsgavl’s first place
That mound, a few stones on its apex, and a narrow ditch that was once a wide moat are all that remain of the first Hindsgavl Castle.

After a delightful breakfast, there was more to explore. We visited the Little Belt again and found many bright starfish and pink jellyfish near the shore. When asked if she needed to go back to her room to take a shower, our niece responded, “Who needs hygiene when there are starfish.” We wandered the castle gardens and may have helped ourselves to a berry or two. Then, we climbed lookouts in the deer park. Although we were reluctant to leave Hindsgavl, we were beckoned on by a schedule and more awaiting marvels.

webs of the belt
Our early morning down by the Little Belt produced my favorite pictures of the entire trip.
Oh deer!
Deer were added back to Hindsgavl’s deer park in 2011, and the area was designated a nature reserve open to the public.

These marvels came in the form of Lindholm Høje and the Vikingemuseet Lindolm Høje at Aalborg. Lindholm Høje was used as a burial ground between 400 AD and 1000 AD. During those 600 years, 700 people were cremated and 41 buried there making it Denmark’s largest Iron Age and Viking burial site.

Lindolm Høje
Everchanging sand, up to 13 feet deep, has covered Lindolm Høje since ancient times.

How would anyone know how many people were cremated at a site since there would be no remains remaining? Cremation pyres of that period were often surrounded by large boulders. The shape of these encirclements was dictated by the gender of the deceased. Men’s were typically triangular or ship-shaped while women’s were oval or circular.

the beasts of the burial grounds
Lindolm Høje was used as a burial and cremation site from about 400 to 1000 AD. Now it is used for grazing goats.

The hefty stones strewn on this hillside aren’t the most remarkable piece of its history. About 1000 AD, a shifting sand dune covered the area so quickly that the type of plough used in an adjacent field was decipherable upon excavation. That sand kept the stones from being removed for farming over time. The burial grounds were rediscovered in 1889, but the site wasn’t excavated until 1952 to 1958. Nearby Vikingemuseet Lindolm Høje displays artifacts found at the site and summarizes what has been learned about Viking village life from those artifacts.

Høje hilarity
Sometimes a little silliness is in order.

Later that evening, we arrived at the wild and craggy town of Skagen (pronounced skain), which will be the subject of my next segment.

From Scandinavia to the Nethers Part I: Copenhagen

A few years ago, Jason and I decided we wanted to take both sets of our parents on trips of their choosing as a small way of saying thanks for the decades they tolerated being responsible for us. Like Jason’s parents, mine had sandy beaches and islands in mind but not of the tropical variety.

The kingdom of Denmark, the southern-most Scandinavian country, is comprised of over 1,400 islands circling a slender peninsula. This was my parents’ pick. With over 75 of Denmark’s islands inhabited, narrowing down landmasses from their country selection wasn’t easy. Since our flights stopped in Amsterdam both directions, we thought we might as well also add on a few days in that notable city, despite the excess location options available in Denmark alone. We invited my entire extended family to join us on this voyage of gratitude, and my sister and her daughter accepted that offer. The group traveled to some of Denmark’s most prominent and rugged places and got a taste of the Netherlands. Here’s the first of my four-part series on our journey and its discoveries.

always prepared
There are 78 inhabited islands in Denmark, so I took choosing our route and sites seriously.

A Word on Chaos

Most vacations include bits of unexpected chaos. This trip was upfront about its pandemonium. Getting to Copenhagen required two flights, one to Amsterdam (as previously mentioned) and a second from Amsterdam to Copenhagen. At the time, Amsterdam’s airport, Schiphol, was experiencing an untimely mix of bad weather, labor shortages, resigning managers, low wages for security personnel, and peak weekend travel, which resulted in our inbound flight being delayed by almost five hours. This made us miss our connection to Copenhagen, so we had to find another flight. That ultimately resulted in us having to leave the secure section of the airport to pick up our bags and come back in via a security line over a mile long that took more than 2.5 hours to wind through. Probably not coincidentally, our flight out of Amsterdam was also delayed about an hour. At least our six-hour layover at Schiphol passed quickly since we spent the bulk of it in that line.

Once in Copenhagen, the bewildering chaos ended, and the regular travel mayhem began. On the plus side, our late arrival helped us get over our jet lag quicker since we had no choice but to stay up until 11:00 PM, forcing us to go about 30 hours without sleep. Admittedly, most of us snoozed on the plane ride between Amsterdam and Copenhagen as we found it impossible to do otherwise, but that was a rather brief nap.

Day 1

The next morning, our introduction to Copenhagen began with an early walk along the harbor to meet the Little Mermaid. The Little Mermaid, a sculpture of granite and bronze, was a gift to the city of Copenhagen by brewer Carl Jacobsen in 1913. She sits just a few feet from the shore making access easy. Although she is an icon of Copenhagen and the target of many tourists, she has also been the unfortunate victim of many jokesters and demonstrators over the decades. Her head has been detached multiple times, she’s been explosively removed from her rock perch, and she’s been frequently stained with paint. Still, with diligent repairs, she’s remained tragically pining for her prince for over 100 years.

The Little Mermaid
The Little Mermaid is a popular tourist attraction. If you wish to have a more personal experience with her, I’d recommend visiting in the morning.

Making our way back from the Little Mermaid, we wandered through the Kastellet, a star-shaped fortress built by King Frederik III in 1662. The Kastellet’s bright colors and tranquil landscapes camouflage a more complicated past. It has been used for many purposes through its centuries including a prison and later Nazi headquarters when Germany occupied Denmark during World War II. It felt incongruous for the same space to contain both armed Royal Life Guards and the rosiest 18th-century barracks I’ve ever seen.

Our hotel was close to the Marmorkirken (Marble Church), so we couldn’t pass on a visit later that morning. The Marmorkirken is believed to be modeled after St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. While its dome is reminiscent of the Vatican, it is used for Lutheran worship. It was intended to honor the royal family’s 300-year reign, but construction ended up taking 150 years too long for that purpose. This delay was largely due to the enormous expense of Norwegian marble, one of the primary building materials used. Eventually, the church became the 5th largest dome in the world and the 2nd largest in Europe. We lucked out and happened to drop in at just the right time to join one of the twice-weekly tours to the top of the dome where the views are astounding.

Marmorkirken
The Marble Church (Marmorkirken) was principally constructed out of Norwegian marble. The dome has a diameter of about 100 feet.

One of our oddest, and most humorous, experiences of our vacation occurred at the Marmorkirken. A man with a thick carpet of chest and shoulder hair, which was prominently featured via the tank top he was wearing, grabbed one of the church’s bottles of hand sanitizer and approached our niece with it. He said in English, “Your hands please.” This prompted her to hold out her hand for a generous application of the sanitizer believing he was one of the church’s staff members, and this was among their anti-COVID processes. However, after the man repeated this procedure with my sister and me, he briefly perused a church corridor, grabbed one of the available tourist pamphlets, and vanished outside. Clearly, he was not an employee of the church. What the what? Out of the crowd of about 15 people waiting to start the tour, why did he pick us? And why the creepy sanitizing charade in the first place? We are still both baffled by and giggling about the experience.

Amalienborg Slot
The Marmorkirken supplies an excellent view of the Amalienborg Slot, the current home of Danish royalty.

Later that afternoon, we decided to visit Rosenborg Slot, though our time there would be limited. Rosenborg Slot was originally built to serve as the summer palace of King Christian IV. Construction began in 1606. Sometime in the 1700s, his great-grandson, King Frederik IV, decided he’d like a fancier seasonal home, leading to the opening of Rosenborg to the public as a royal museum in 1838.

The castle, built in Dutch Renaissance style, is full of opulence but also peculiarities. For instance, on display is a beloved pranking device of the king, a trouser-wetting chair, which would grasp sitters and then drench their seat with water. One room, the Mirror Cabinet, features walls of mirrors, which were extremely expensive to produce at the time. That’s not too unusual for a royal splurge. The unusual component is the circular floor mirror that was used to gaze up women’s skirts.

Rosenborg Slot
Rosenborg is a beautiful palace and holds an array of treasures.

Rosenborg’s biggest draw for many is its basement vaults containing Denmark’s crown jewels. While the glitz and grandeur in the treasury are overwhelming, a few items stand out. Christian IV’s coronation crown from 1596, weighing 6.6 pounds and covered with intricate depictions of the king’s many virtues, is one of them. Goblets and jewelry featuring a swanky skull and crossbones motif are another. It isn’t just the jewelry in the vaults that dazzles though. Some of Christian IV’s saddles and riding gear, layered with pearls and gold, are almost equally impressive.

Hans and friends
At Kongens Have, we took in one of Copenhagen’s best-known monuments depicting Hans Christian Andersen captivating children with a story.

While our time in Rosenborg was rushed due to its approaching closing, not all parts of the outing were hurried. Rosenborg is situated in the Kongens Have (King’s Garden) making a welcomed stroll through this extensive park necessary. The garden was created in 1606 as the private grounds for Rosenborg Slot and is now a peaceful green used by the citizens of Copenhagen.

Rundetaarn
Each turn of the Round Tower’s spiraling ramp gains just over 12 feet of elevation.

Since we were close to the Rundetaarn, we decided to stop by on our walk back to our hotel. The Rundetaarn, or Round Tower, was built in 1642 during Denmark’s astronomy boon as a university observatory and library. There are hundreds of towers you can climb in Europe, so why bother with this one’s 128 feet? For starters, instead of stairs, it utilizes a gentle ramp paved by bricks to slowly spiral 7.5 times to its apex. This uncommon feature was integrated so equipment and supplies could be taken to the top by horse-drawn carts. A hollow core provides even more architectural interest than the slanted floor. The tower was used as Denmark’s geographical zero point for surveys after the 1760s, a function facilitated by that core. The valiant can stand at the top of the gap on a sheet of glass and fully appreciate all 82 feet of the drop.

the hollow core
The shaft of the Round Tower’s hollow core extends through most of the height of the building.

As the oldest European observatory still in operation, the Rundetaarn’s corridors have attracted many famous figures like Hans Christian Andersen, who used to do research in its library, and Tsar Peter the Great, who once raced his horse up its spinning passageway. Its views aren’t as fine as the higher Marmorkirken though.

Day 2

One of the primary places I wanted to see while staying in Copenhagen was the town of Roskilde, a 25-minute train ride from the city. Roskilde was Denmark’s first capitol. It is a charming mix of the ancient and modern and contains a wealth of historic wonders. My primary aim in visiting was the Vikingeskibsmuseet (Viking Ship Museum).

Skuldelev ships
The Skuldelev ships at the Viking Ship Museum are a mix of warring, trading, and fishing vessels.

This remarkable museum holds five Viking vessels known as the Skuldelev ships that were sunk in the Roskilde Fjord to provide fortification in the 11th century. They were discovered in the 1960s and excavated. More than just exhumed skeletons, these vessels have been turned into living history with constructed replicas. I was led to believe by an incorrect guidebook that one could go sailing on the Viking reproductions. That is false, so, if you also read that in a travel manual, dismiss it. While you can board and examine the Sea Stallion from Glendalough, an impressive replica of the longest ship housed in the museum, you cannot cruise on it.

Sea Stallion
The Sea Stallion from Glendalough is a recreation of the longship found in Roskilde Fjord. It carried 60 warriors and required 80 trees to build.

What can you sail on? The museum’s boatyard has a collection of over 40 authentic historic reproductions based on designs from all over Scandinavia. Some of these are available for sailings. However, if your crew is too few and light for a sailing, you must instead do a rowing. With a group of only five, that was our fate. We rowed in a boat built in the museum boatyard in 2000 using traditional Faroe Island techniques called the Trolle.

Trolle
Being of Viking ancestry does not make you more useful on a boat, this one for instance.

Though our guide insisted we do all the rowing and steering ourselves, we were not worthy of these duties. We only made it out of the harbor into the choppy waters of the Roskilde Fjord for a few minutes before the stress of trying to oversee our substandard abilities got to her, and she directed us back to calmer waters. In our defense, the wind on the Roskilde Fjord gets extra insistent as winter approaches, and thus, it was more blustery than normal as their season was nearing its end with the close of September.

submerged and preserved
The Skuldelev ships were remarkably well preserved after spending almost a thousand years under water.

On a fascinating sidenote, renovations to the Viking Ship Museum in the 1990s led to the discovery of nine more boats buried within the museum’s grounds from the Viking and Middle Ages. One of these is the longest Viking warship ever found. Oddly, these Roskilde ships are not displayed at the Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde but at the National Museum in Copenhagen.

screaming Viking
The Viking Ship Museum was both educational and entertaining.

Although not the key reason for our visit to Roskilde, we were able to also make it to the city’s celebrated brick church. Construction of the Roskilde Domkirke began in the 12th century. It has served as the mausoleum for Danish Royalty since the Reformation. The ornate caskets and vaults of these noble individuals are plentiful throughout the structure. It is believed that the remains of Harold I (Bluetooth), a 10-century Viking king, are entombed in one of the pillars. In case you are wondering, yes, he is where the name for Bluetooth technology comes from.

Roskilde Domkirke
Built in the 12th century, the Roskilde Domkirke is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Day 3

Before leaving Copenhagen, Jason and I ventured out early to see the Changing of the Guard at Amalienborg Slot, the current residence of the royal family. The pageantry and puffy hats were entertaining.

Changing of the Guard
When we think of royal pomp, the British typically come to mind, but the Danes have fluffy hats too.

Then, we were all off to Møn after a slight rental-car-induced delay. Although online information said our reserved rental car would fit six people and all their luggage, that calculation definitely did not take into account the overpacking of the typical American traveler. Following a debate on whether we could drive for hours with heavy backpacks on our laps and suitcases between our legs, we ended up renting an additional vehicle.

Next week, I will discuss Møn and Middelfart. I promise, it will be more than just hot air.

2022 Hike Highlights

Summer is far less exceptional without its mountain journeys. Now that spring finally feels attainable and the anticipation of summer has reemerged, I’m going to revisit a few of the treks that amplified last summer’s exceptional status. Spoiler alert: This post will eventually conclude, after a barrage of details, that one shouldn’t depend too much on technology while hiking and should never venture out sans flashlight because junk is distracting and so are ponds, views, peaks, signs, flowers, trees, holes, photos, animals, rocks… basically, everything is fighting against you finishing in the light.

Trail: Great Western and Old Red Pine Road Loop

Distance: 4.8 Miles

Month: July

My ankle was giving me grief during the summer. Months later, after x-rays and an MRI, I would discover a talus fracture was the source of those grumbles. Huh. Before that was common knowledge, my doctor didn’t want me hiking anything too steep as he thought I had a bad case of capsulitis. His counsel put my family’s usual peak-top extravaganza on the no-no list. As an alternative, we completed a mild loop up Millcreek Canyon that incorporates sections of the Great Western Trail and Old Red Pine Road. Parking at the trailhead was a mess, which apparently is the norm. However, the path itself wasn’t crowded and passed through some agreeable countryside.

Old Red Pine
The Great Western and Old Red Pine Road Loop is an easy hiking option, which is probably why it is chosen so often.

Trail: Honeycomb Canyon and Solitude Loop

Distance: 6.6 Miles

Month: September

Jason and I are quite accustomed to Solitude Resort in the winter, so we thought we might as well peek at some of its familiar peaks while they were donned in summer’s stubble. We downloaded a trail map from AllTrails for a loop through the resort. The map was wrong. It directed us to descend from the top of Honeycomb Canyon on a slim line that led to nothing. Luckily, I spied a path high above us on another canyon wall, and we were able to scramble through bushes and over boulders to it. Despite our route insufficiencies, passing through naked, green terrain instead of smooth snow-covered slopes proved entertaining. We learned there is an assortment of ponds underneath some of our favorite runs. However, our learning did not extend to timing. As usual, but still not planned, we ended up returning in the dark.

run ponds
At Solitude, snow hides another form of H2O.
Black Bess
One could logically assume that Black Bess Peak, one of Solitude’s most prominent features, was named after someone’s beloved cow, but it was named after a mine.

Trail: Prince of Wales Mine

Distance: 5.1 Miles

Month: September

We’ve been interested in hiking to the Prince of Wales Mine up Little Cottonwood Canyon for years. Last summer, we finally fulfilled this climbing scheme. While this trek is not terribly long, it passes too much of interest to not take until well after dark… no matter how early your departure time. The Michigan-Utah and Michigan City Mines are among the engrossing sites on route. There are also random shaft openings here and there that beg you for a look.

infinite disruptions
Jason and I get too easily diverted to ever complete a hike in the prescribed time.

At the end of the trail and 9,875 feet of elevation, is the Prince of Wales Mine. The Prince of Wales Mine opened in 1872 and closed sometime before 1976. Silver, copper, lead, gold, and zinc were its metals of consequence. While no structures remain at the site, plenty else does including a double-drum hoist, spoked pulley, compressor with curved spoke flywheels, broiler with fluted stack, steam fittings, and odd metal pieces. The mine had a subsurface length of 5,486 meters, which is almost 18,000 feet. We threw a rock down the Prince’s slanted shaft, and it took about 1.5 seconds to hit the bottom or a side, a free fall of 36 feet.

mine rubbish
After weathering for decades, old debris becomes more than just carelessly discarded litter.

We thought we had given ourselves plenty of time to complete this trek before night, but we got too sidetracked by the omnipresent mining junk and ended up having to return through blackness. All our hikes seem to have a reoccurring theme.

yesterday’s devices
Information on when the Prince of Wales stopped operating is incomplete, but it was sometime before 1976.

While that is not a complete list of our 2022 summer treks, it is the most complete list that exists as it covers whatever ones I found interesting enough to write a few notes on afterward. My closing wisdom? Online tools for route finding are handy but not infallible. Also, dark comes swiftly, and stuff distracts. Therefore, one should always be prepared to hike sans sun as it happens more often than not, especially if that one is Jason and me. Bring on the exceptional (and dim) summer hikes of 2023!